The Roman improved the region by establishing towns and a network of roads to connect them. The capital of the Kingdom of Noricum was Noreia on the hilltop of Magdalensberg in Carinthia (part of south central Austria), Austria whose exact location has yet to be determined.
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The Roman capital of Noricum was Virunum in the province of Noricum, Austria. The Emperor Claudius (4154) established five communities as Roman municipia (municipalities) and replaced Noreia with the new capital of Virunum. Ruins at Virunum include a forum, capital, and baths with floor mosaics, a temple of Jupiter and a theater. When Marcus Aurelius (161-180) established a legionary fortress at Lauriacum (Lorch) to fight a Germanic tribe the Marcomanni the capital of Noricum was transferred to Ovilava (Wels). The most important legionary camp on the Danube frontier was Carnuntum (Petronell) in Lower Austria which today is an Archeological Park. In 106 Carnuntum became capital of Upper Pannonia.
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It was even more important than Vindobona (Vienna) ruins from this site are in The Museum of the Romans part of the network of Museum in Vienna under the auspices of the Vienna Museum. Other important cities in Noricum were: Virunum (near Maria Saal), Teurnia (near Spittal an der Drau), Flavia Solva (near Leibnitz), and Juvavum (Salzburg).
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Distance between Austria and Italy, direction on map
The capital of the Roman province of Raetia is unknown. The capital of Pannonia was Sirmium whose remains are located in northern Serbia.
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By the third century the Alemannii, a confederation of Germanic tribes, were the major treat to Rome’s Danube frontier. There were also attacks by Ostrogoths, East Germans and Huns
(until Attila’s death in 453) and Goths. In 488 Noricum’s Christianized and Romanized population left Noricum that was in the hand of the Germanic Rugii. Raetia was already in the hands of the Alemannii and the eastern Alps were part of Theodoric’s Ostrogothic Empire.
