Adolphe Yvon From Country
Composer Charles Gounod (1818-1893) is known for Ave Maria (1859), which was based on a work by Bach and his operas Faust (1859) and Romeo and Juliet (1867). Gounod may be best known to Americans as the composer of Funeral March of a Marionette, which was used as the theme song for the television series Alfred Hitchcock Presents. Gounod is buried in Division 1.
Charles Gounod From Country
Painter Hubert Robert (1733-1808) is best known for his very atmospheric paintings, particularly of evocative landscapes and ruins. He was a prolific painter and nine of his pieces are in the Louvre. He is buried in Division 5.
Given the value of goods transported across the sea, security for water-borne trade and travelers (there were no passenger ships in the early modern period) was always a problem. Beirut Subway Map Piracy diminished rapidly after about 1720, but merchant vessels were subject to the depredations of enemy warships and privateers during the frequent wars of the period. In 1664 and 1673, much of the Chesapeake tobacco fleet was destroyed by the Dutch. The Chesapeake’s wide mouth, impossible to cover with guns, made it a security nightmare. The solution eventually adopted for the Chesapeake tobacco trade was the formation of an annual convoy of 150 to 200 ships, escorted by vessels of the Royal Navy from the Chesapeake to England. The transatlantic convoy system had actually been pioneered by Spain, who used it to transport the year’s haul of precious metals (hence the term plate fleet). It worked fairly well to protect the tobacco ships, but other traders were still vulnerable, as was all trade to the West Indies.
