The enlightenment cultivated the art that became more and more reliant upon public support especially among the middle classes. The best known Austrian musician of this period is
Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) who was born in Salzburg where the House where Mozart’s was born and the Mozart Family House can both be visited. Many Mozart concerts can be found in Salzburg. Mozart moved to Vienna in 1790 but Salzburg remains the destination for Mozart fans. Joseph Haydn (1732-1809) is another famous Austrian Composer from this period. The Burgtheater in Vienna became the German National Theater. Architecture continued to develop during this period as the Rococo Style took root.
Map Of Switzerland Austria And Germany
Map Of Switzerland Austria And Germany Photo Gallery
Maria Theresia: 1740-1780 (4 minutes)
Maria Theresia (1740-1780) took the throne upon the death of her father Charles VI, due to the death of Charles only son Maria Theresia was allowed to assume the throne via a
promulgation known as the Pragmatic Sanction which allowed female heirs to succeed to the domains of the Habsburgs in the event that there was no mail heir.
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When Maria Theresia assumed the throne her authority was immediately questioned. Frederick William I the Prussian king (Prussia is part of today’s Germany) invaded and took passion of
the wealthy Habsburg province of Silesia (today part of Poland, Czech Republic and Germany). This started the War of Austrian Succession (1740-1748). Maria Theresia sent her military to take back
Silesia but she was ill equipped for the task as Frederick II had spent most of the treasury on the many wars he had been engaged in, also the Austrian army was far less equipped than
the high efficient Prussian army – she failed to gain back Silesia.
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Map Of Germany Switzerland Austria – Map Of Germany Austria Switzerland
This defeat prompted the formation of an alliance between France, Bavaria (today part of Germany) and Spain to defeat the Habsburg monarchy. The alliance was later joined by Saxony
(today in Germany), Sardinia (today part of Italy) and Prussia. Austria’s allies were Great Britain and the Dutch Republic who were wary of entering the conflict. Saxony and Sardinia later switched side to support Austria in hopes to gaining territory and Russia also jointed the Austrian cause in 1745 to prevent Prussia who had dropped out of the war from reentering. Austria would gain back some minor Italian territory but the main consequence of the war was the loss of Silesia to Prussia, which Maria Theresia vowed to get back but never did.
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The War had begun when Charles Albert of Bavaria (today part of Germany) had protested Maria Theresia’s succession, Prussia had taken advantage of this situation by invading Silesia
Charles Albert was elected Holy Roman Emperor in 1742; he was the only non-Habsburg to be Emperor between 1440 and 1806. When Charles Albert died in 1789 Maria Theresia’s husband Francis Stephen of Lorraine succeeded him as Holy Roman Emperor.
